Caption: The "Rivals."

Source/Date: Los Angeles Times, January 10, 1907

Ultimate Source(if different):

Creator: Unknown

Remarks: After the Supreme Court outlawed pooling in 1897, the railroads evolved into large systems that shared a community of interest and tacit collusion became common. Here the two "rival" pirates appear to be reading from the same rate book. Espee is, of course, the SP.

Keywords: Harriman, Edward H.; Ripley, Edward P.; Freight rates and service; Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad; Southern Pacific Railroad